Formulas & Functions
Build calculations using mathematical expressions, operators, and built-in functions.
Syntax
Reference connected variables by their variable name (the identifier, not the display name). Input ports are created automatically for each variable referenced in your expression.
(revenue - cost) / revenue * 100This expression creates two input ports: revenue and cost.
Operators
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| + | Addition | a + b |
| - | Subtraction | a - b |
| * | Multiplication | a * b |
| / | Division | a / b |
| ^ | Exponentiation | a ^ 2 |
| % | Modulo | a % b |
| () | Grouping | (a + b) * c |
** is also accepted for exponentiation.
Constants
| Constant | Value | Description |
|---|---|---|
| PI / pi | 3.14159... |
Circle constant π |
| E / e | 2.71828... |
Euler's number e |
| phi | 1.61803... |
Golden ratio φ |
| tau | 6.28318... |
2π (full circle) |
Functions
Basic Math
| Function | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| abs(x) | Absolute value | abs(-5) → 5 |
| sqrt(x) | Square root | sqrt(16) → 4 |
| pow(x, y) | Power | pow(2, 3) → 8 |
| exp(x) | Exponential (e^x) | exp(1) → 2.718 |
| log(x) | Natural logarithm | log(E) → 1 |
Rounding
| Function | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| floor(x) | Round down | floor(3.7) → 3 |
| ceil(x) | Round up | ceil(3.2) → 4 |
| round(x) | Round to nearest | round(3.5) → 4 |
Comparison
| Function | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| min(a, b, ...) | Minimum value | min(3, 1, 4) → 1 |
| max(a, b, ...) | Maximum value | max(3, 1, 4) → 4 |
Conditional
| Function | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| if(cond, a, b) | If-then-else | if(x > 0, x, 0) → x or 0 |
| cond(cond, a, b) | Alias for if() | cond(x > 0, x, 0) → x or 0 |
Finance
| Function | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| FV(rate, n, pmt, pv, type) | Future value of investment | FV(0.05, 10, -100, -1000, 0) → 1628.89 |
| PV(rate, n, pmt, fv, type) | Present value of cash flows | PV(0.08, 5, 0, -10000, 0) → 6805.83 |
| NPV(rate, cf1, cf2, ...) | Net present value (Excel-compatible) | NPV(0.1, -1000, 300, 400, 500) → -19.12 |
| PMT(rate, n, pv, fv, type) | Periodic payment amount | PMT(0.05/12, 360, 200000, 0, 0) → -1073.64 |
| CAGR(start, end, periods) | Compound annual growth rate | CAGR(100, 200, 5) → 0.1487 |
| ROI(gain, cost) | Return on investment | ROI(150, 100) → 0.5 |
Trigonometry
| Function | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| sin(x) | Sine (radians) | sin(PI/2) → 1 |
| cos(x) | Cosine (radians) | cos(0) → 1 |
| tan(x) | Tangent (radians) | tan(PI/4) → 1 |
Best Practices
Prevent division by zero
Guard denominators using the max() function to ensure they never reach zero. This prevents errors when random samples produce extreme values.
value / max(divisor, 0.0001)Protect logarithms
Logarithm functions require positive arguments. Wrap inputs in max() to handle cases where random sampling might produce zero or negative values.
log(max(x, 0.0001))Use parentheses for clarity
Even when operator precedence handles the order correctly, explicit parentheses make your formulas easier to read and verify. This is especially important for complex expressions.
(a * b) + (c * d)Conditional logic
Use if() or cond() for conditional calculations. The condition is true when greater than 0.
if(revenue > 100000, revenue * 0.10, 0)Automatic connections
When you type a variable name in your expression, an input port is automatically created and connected to the matching block. Renaming variables in the expression updates the connections accordingly—no manual wiring required.